Grinding machine



Feb. 19, 1935. Q W, BINNS ET AL 1,991,724

GRINDING MACHINE Il f/f/ y; v J7 Snoentor www@ G. w. BINNS 5T AL 1,991,724

GRINDING MACHINE l Filed oct. 2e, 1951 5 sheets-sheet 2 70 0"? X57 .I j if Z ff F j? 5 E J\\@ 7 ff f- R' ff@ ff /Z W 0f d?" L7 ,f

Bnventor Feb. 19, 1935.

GRINDING MACHINE I l Filed OGC. 26, 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Enventor wgmwh/lmfomeg G. w. BlNNs ETAL. v 1,991,724

Febf19, 1935- G. w. BINNs ET AL 1,991,724

GRINDING MACHINE FiledDC. 26, 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Buventor l 1 Gttorineg Feb. 19, 1935. G. w. BlNrNs ET AL GRINDING MACHINE Filed Oct. 26, 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 All!! tforneg Patented Feb. 19, 1935 PATENT OFFICE 1,991,724 GRINDING MACHINE George W. Binns and Clement Booth. Cincinnati, s

Ohio, assignors to Cincinnati-Grinders Incorporated, Cincinnati, Ohio Ohio, a corporation of Application october 26, 1931, serial No. snaai 1o claims. (c1. 51-103) This invention relates to improvements in machine tools and especially to improvements in grinding machines forv grinding formed work pieces such as the conical valve seat on mushroom type valves.

An object oi the invention is the provision of a grinding machine adapted for the accurate production of valve seats of theconical type such as mushroom valves. v

Another object of the invention is the provision of improved means for supporting and rotating the valve about a predetermined axis.V

A further object of the invention is the provision of improved means for backing up and steadying the valve while being ground thereby insuring the grinding of one hundred percent valve seats.y

Other objects and advantages of the present invention should be readily apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings illustrating the invention and described in the following specifications and it is to be understood that any modications may be made in the structural details there shown and described within the scope of the appended claims without departing from or exceeding the spirit of the'invention.

In the drawings: Y n

Figure l is a plan view of a grinding machine embodying the principles of this invention.

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on line 2--2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a front elevation of a modied machine embodying the principles of this invention. Y

Figure 4 is a side elevational view of the machine shown in Figure 3. Y

' Figure 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5--5 of Figure 4.

Figure Gis a fragmentary sectional view taken'v substantially on line 6-6 of Figure 5.

Figure '7 is an elevational view partly in section as seen from line '7-7 of Figure 6 showingl the drive of the work pieces and forming a detail of the invention. A

Figure 8 is affront elevation of a centerless grinder embodying the principles of this invention. f

Figure 9 is a top plan view oi the machine shown in Figure 8.

Figure lo isa sectional view taken substantially on line 1 0-loof Figure 8'. Y

Figure 11 is a fragmentary sectional view of a portion of the showing in `Figure 10 illustrating the parts in a subsequent adjusted position.

Figure 12. is an end elevation ofthe machine shown in Figure 8 andas seen particularly from line 12--12of Figure 8.

Figure 13 is a sectional 13-13 of Figure 10. l

Throughout the several views ofthe drawings 5 similar reference. characters are employed to denote lthesame or similar parts. v The machine shown in Figures 1 and 2 comprises a bed 15 having iormedon the upper surfacethereof guideways 16 for guiding the grinding wheel carriage 1'7 in its movement .relative to the bed.k The carriage 17 has journaled therein aspindle to which is secureda grinding wheel 18 suitably enclosed within a guard 19 carried by the carriage 17. The grinding wheel spindie is driven by any suitable or desirable means such as the motor 20 carried by the bed.

The carriage 17 is provided in its rear end with a nutA 21 in threaded engagement with an adjusting screw 22 journaled at its outerl end inra housing 23 secured to the bed 15. Transmission means 24 is enclosed within the housing 23 and is connected at 25 with the screw V22. The other end 26 of thetransmission means 24 is connected to the rear end of a shaft which extends through the bed from one end to lthe other. Secured tothe outer end of the shaft 27 is a suitable feeding mechanism indicated generally by the hand wheel 28.

From the foregoing it will be noted that actuation oi the feeding mechanism by the Vhand wheel 28 effects a relative Vfeed of the carriage 17 and grinding wheel 18 relative to the bed.

- Pivotally mounted at the forwardend of the bed 15 Vand in lineV with the forward feed of the grinding wheel 18 are the work'supporting and rotating mechanisms 29 and V30. These mechanisms are identical in construction being mounted onopposite sides of the grinding Wheel 18 for simultaneous contact therewith at a point in the plane of the horizontal center of thegrinding wheel and its spindle. lIt is deemed sufficient if but one of the work supporting and rotating mechanisms be described in detail. Accordingly, a housing 31 is provided which has a pivot bearing 32 encircling ra vertical shaft 33 which acts as a pivot therefor. The housing is provided at opposite endsvth bearing sleeves 34 and 35 in which is rotatably journaled a hollow shaft or spindle 36. A worm wheel 3'7V is secured yto the shaft or spindle intermediate its ends and meshes with a worm 38 secured or integral with the vertical shaft 33. The housing 31 Vhas on one end a cap plate 39 in which is view taken onV line threaded a. limiting i the work piece.

abutment member 40 which extends part way through the hollow interior of the spindle 36.

Transversely mounted within the interior of the bed 15 is a driving shaft L11 having on one end a pulley 42A for a transmission belt 43 which is screw or the like 50, see Figure 2. The stud 49 forms a bearing about which an arm 5l is adapted to oscillate. The arm 51 axially shift thrust bearing from the arm toward This movement under the inuence of the spring 57 is resisted by the pin 58 passing through the outer end of the stud and ating handle is secured to the arm 66 for actuating same and a spring 71 has one end 72 anchored to the housing 3l and the other end 73 Asecured to the arm at a point for tending to actuate the locking pin to a locking position.

The operation of the mechanism is as follows:

One of the work locating and rotating mechanisms 29 or 30 is oscillated outwardly through 45 degrees from the position shown in Figure l. The handle 53 is then drawn to the left as structure illustrated in Figures 3 to 7 inclusive discloses a machine in which the pieces contact the grinding wheel at points diametrically opposed to one another and in which the work is fed relative to the bed toward the grinding wheel instead of feeding the grinding wheel toward the work as above described. This modification also includes a different type of work drive resembling centerless grinder than the chucktype above described. Y

column 75 and has journaled therein a grinding wheel spindle 77. The spindle 77 has secured to its upper end a grinding wheel 78 and at its lower end a reciprocating attachment 79 for imparting a relative axial movement to the grinding Wheel and spindle. The spindle is further provided intermediate its ends with 'a sheave 80 for a multiple belt drive 81 which passes through an opening in the arm to the rear thereof. The

a cored opening formed in theY rear column.

The upper end of the column 75 is formed Each of the mechanisms consists of a housing 93 having a bearing for oscillatory movement about a Worm shaft 94 that is carried by a slide Mounted in bearings provided by the housing 93 is a drive shaft 96 having vsecured thereto a worm wheel said mechanisms are l97 meshing with a worm 98 on the shaft 94. The drive shaft 96 is provided with an enlarged counter-bore 99 in which is positioned for axial movement relative thereto a driving member 100. The member `100 has projecting from it a pin 101 received in a reduced bearing 102 of the shaft 96. The shaft and pin 101 are keyed Atogether for unitary rotation,"but permitting axial sliding one with respect to the other. Surrounding the pin 101 and enclosed within the counter-bore 99 is a coiled spring 103 abutting on opposite ends with the base of the bore 99 and the driving member for actuating said driving member 100 outwardly from the bore 99. The driving member 100 has integral therewith a driving head 104 inthe outer endef which is formed a conical socket 105 into which the inner end of the Valve stem' 106 is inserted, The valve driving head 104 is journaled in a bushing 107 held in the housing 93 by any suitable or desirable means; Spaced from the bushing 107 and enclosed within the housing 93 isa member 108 which has a seat 109 formed at the outer end thereof for engagement with the seat 110 of the valve being ground. The member 108 is slidably mounted in the housingl 93 for sliding movement relative thereto but pinned against ro'- tative movement. A spring 111 is interposed between the pinned bushing 107 and the member 108 tending to force the member 108 outwardly and maintain contact between the work seat and itself. It will be noted from the drawings the seat 109 of Vthe member 108 contacts with the work seat for only a portion of its extent being cut away at the point adjacent the grinding wheel to permit the grinding wheel to have access to the work.

Secured to the housing 93 by bolts 112 is a bracket 113 having at the end vthereof a lug 114 contacting with a lug 115A of arm 116. A pivot pin 11'7r extends through the lugs 114 and 115 for pivotally securing the arm to the bracket. At its outer end the arm 116 carries a thrust bearing 118 similar to the bearing above described to which reference may V1oe'had for further details. The said bearing and parts associated therewith support the pressure head 119 for contact with the outer end of the valve tending to urge the valve into contact with the driving head 104 and resiliently maintaining contact between the valve seat 110 and the seat 109 of the steadyrest member 108.

The worm shaft 94 is provided on its inner end witha worm wheel 124 which meshes with a worm 125 splined on transverse shaft 126. Shaft 94 is journaled in a bearing 123 Aintegral with the slide 95 and extending rearwardly therefrom through the rail 86 to the interior of the upperendo'f the column 15. Also carried by the shaft 94 at its extreme inner end is a bracket 127 which has arms 128 and 129 through which suitable apertures are formed for receiving the end journals of the worm125.

.The splined drive shaft 126 is` driven through a pair of bevel gears 130, see Figure 4, one of which gears is securedto the end of the shaft 126 and the other being secured to a driving shaft 131 journaled in bearings 132 carried by the column 75. The shaft 131 at its other end carries a second bevel gear 133 meshing withv a complementary bevel gear 134 on the upper end of a vertical drive shaft 135.' naled at one end in the bearing 132 'and at the other end in a bearing 136. Below the bearing 136 the shaft 135 has keyed or otherwise secured that . COmmSl'lCeS O11 This shaft is jour? to it a spur gear 137 meshing with driving gear 138 .on the end of motor shaft 83.

The operation of the mechanism disclosed in Figures 3 to 6 inclusive is as follows: The arm 116 of one of the mechanisms 8'7 and 88 is actuated outwardly to release and permit the replacement of the 'work piece carried thereby whereupon it is swung in a direction to eifect engagement between the active face of thegrinding wheel and the seat of the valve to be ground. The proper `hand wheel 91 or 92 is then actuated to feed the work into the wheel the desired amount. The

grinding continues on this work piece until the workehas been reduced to the desired size.v It should be noted that the work is rotated merely through thefrictional engagement between the Adriving seat 105 of the head 104 and the stern of the work. The work is guided and maintained by the-steadyrest seat 109 formed on the member 108. This seat 109 prevents any vibration or shifting ofthe axis of the valve insuring the grinding of the seat absolutely concentric with the axis of rotation determined by the forcing of the work into the conical seat 105. 1t should further be noted that the grinding wheel tends toA rotate the work at its own peripheral speed which speed is controlled, modified and regulated by means of. the drive between the worm and Worm wheel 97 andy 98.

During the grinding of the work piece carried by one or the other of the work supporting mechanisms 87 and 88 the other mechanisml is being .loaded so that as soon as the grinding operation on one mechanism ceases it immediately the other,V thereby insuring continual production from the machine.

The modification shown in Figures 8 to 13 inclusive illustrates a centerless grinder for pro lducing a hundred percent seat on the mushroom type valve. This machine is capable of wide adjustments for operating on work pieces of dierent sizes and forms. t operates on a single work piece instead or` a plurality of work pieces and can be very readily loaded and automatically ejected.

This machine comprises a bed 139 having rising therefrom a pedestal bearing 140 enclosing a spindle to which is secured a grinding wheel 141. The bed 139 is further formed on its upper surface with a bearingr142 forming a guide for a slide 143 mounted thereon. superimposed on the slide 143 is a second slide 144 carrying the head 145 in which is journaled a spindle 146 for regulating wheel 147; Thev grinding wheel and regulating wheel have their active surfaces spaced from one another a distance to form a grinding throat in which is mounted the work supporting mechanism-.` This work supporting mechanism comprises a block 148 bolted or otherwise secured to the innerend 149 of the slide 143. The slides 143 and 144, work rest 148 and work 150 supported thereby, are adapted to be actuated as a unit toward the grinding wheel. For this purpose the slide 144 has swiveled therein a nut 151V feeding the work toward the grinding wheel and retracting same therefrom to permit the replacen ment thereofythe nut 151 is provided with a handle adapted for oscillation about the axis of the screw 152 and carrying with it the nut The work piece is held on the work rest blade and ejected therefrom by hydraulic or pneumatic pressure which is controlled by a suitable Valve for connecting the pressure line with various ports. Accordingly, the bracket or housing member 148 has bolted thereto a Valve 156 including a pivotally mounted handle 157 to be operated by the double cam shaped finger 158 carried by arm 159 by means to be described later. Hydraulic pressure, preferably air, is introduced to the valve 156 from a suitable source through the conduit 160 and port 161 passing from the valve 156 through suitable ports 162 and 163 to opposite ends of a cylinder 164 formed in the block orV housing 148. The cylinder 164 contains double ended piston 165 which has extending from itr a rod 166 terminating in a tapered nose 167. The tapered end 167 engages a roller 168 rotatably mounted on pin 169 joining the fingers of fork 170 secured to for movement with shaft 171. A

pin 172 having a clevis 173 at its one end is pivotally mounted by means of the clevis to the pin 169 and the other end of the pin 172 extends through a guide 174. A spring 175 surrounds the pin 172 and abuts on opposite ends with the guide 174 and clevis 173. Exteriorly of the housing 148 the shaft 171 has secured to it for movement therewith an arm 176 having pivotally secured to its upper end a second arm 177 which rotatably supports end pressure roller 178. A spring 179 has one end secured to pin 180 carried by the Varm 177 and its other end secured to the housing 148.

The shaft of end pressure roller 178 has jour'-` naled on it a cam roller 181 for engaging the cam face 182 of cam 183 secured to the housing 148 -operating head 185 threadedly received ina bracket 186 in which the end of a tubular housing 187 is secured. The ejector plunger 188 is spaced from the end of the work and terminates in a piston 189 and has a spring 190 surrounding it. A bracket 191 which secures the housing 187 to the bracket or block 148 is provided with a threaded perforation 192 receiving the threaded end 193 of an adjusting screw 194 journaled in a depending portion of the bracket 186. A knurled knob 195 is secured to the end of the adjusting screw 194. A conduit 196 connects the end of the cylinder containing the piston 189 with the right hand end of the cylinder 164 so that as soon as pressure is introduced to the end of the cylinder 164 it is simultaneously introduced in the cylinder of piston 189. However, the piston 189 is not actuated until after the piston rod 166 has been shifted because the side pressure rollers 196', to be described in detail later, hold the work against movement until they are released from the work by the said piston rod 166. y

In order to hold the work on the work rest blade and in contact with the regulating wheel there is provided side pressure rolls 196 mounted on a shaft 197 carried in the end of an arm 198. This arm 198 is secured to the upper end of a vertically mounted shaft 199 carried by the block or housing 148. Secured to the shaft -199 at its lower end is a second arm 200 carrying at its free end a roller 201. The arm 200 is enclosed within a cover 202 secured to block or housing 148. The arm 200 has formed therein, vintermediate its ends, a socket 203 in which is mounted a spring 204 abutting on its outer end with the cover 202 and exerting a yielding pressure on the arm 200 in a clockwise direction which through the vertical shaft maintains contact between the side rollers and the work. The roller 201 is held in engagement with the adjacent side of the piston rod 166 which is provided with a relieved portion 205 and a cam face 206.

The piston 165 is actuated to the left as seen in Figure 1 0 which causes the cam face 206 to engage the roller 201 and actuate the arm 200 which removes the side pressure rollers from the work so that it can be ejected from the machine. The arm 159 for actuating the valve 156 is secured to a short shaft 207 connected by a universal joint to one end of a rod 208. The rod 208 Vextends from the grinding throat along the rear wall of the machine to the endv thereof at the right, as seen in Figures 8 and 9, where it is connectedby a second universal joint to'asplined shaft 209, see Figure 12. VThe splined shaft 209 is mounted in a sleeve member 210 for rotative movement with the sleeve member but the said sleeve member has axial movement relative to the splined shaft 209. The sleeve member 210 has secured to it or formed integral therewith a segmental gear 211 and is journaled in a bracket 212 secured to the upper slide 144. Bearing bosses 213 are carried by the bracket 212 through which is axially slidable a rack shaft 214 having rack teeth 215 thereon for engagement with the segmental gear 211, as Well as rack teeth 216 for engagement with theteeth of a. segmental gear 217 associated with the operating handle 155.

With the parts as shown in Figure 10 the handle 155 of Figure 12 is in a horizontal position with the arm 159 in a position to dispose the cam plate 159 below the valve handle 157 so that at the completion of the grinding operation the handle 155 is raised upwardly for raising the arm 157 from the position shown in Figure 10. This movement ofthe arm 157 in a counter clockwise direction causes cam face 218 to engage the roller 219 on the arm 157 for connecting the hydraulic pressure of line 160 through the valve 156 with the right hand ends of cylinders containing the pistons 165 and 189. The piston 165 immediately moves toward the left, as seen in Figure 10, but the piston 189 remains stationary. The piston 165 carries with it the rod 166 and continues to move until the nose 167 has, through the roller 168, actuated the parts 170, 172, 176, 177 and 178 to the position shown in Figure 11. At this time the end pressure roll 178 is4 out of the path of movement of the work 150. Continued movement of the rod 166 then moves the side or lateral pressure rolls 196 from the work whereupon the pressurev behind the piston 189 actuates same to the left and ejects a Work piece from the grinding throat. At this time the cam face 221 has passed from the roller 219 whereupon the pressure is cut-off from the left hand ends of the cylinders so that the spring 190, surrounding the piston rod and compressed on the ejecting stroke, may expand and return piston 189 to the normal end of its stroke against the adjustable abutment 184. The grinding throat is now enlarged to the limit of its movement with the handle 155 in the position shown pered iace on angularly related surfaces, the comwheel rotatably jour; l

means for disposing Athe axis vgrinding wheel`at an angle to one another correa counter the? newr unfinished to the grinding wheel whereupon 221 on the cam plate 158 engages the roller219 of the arm 15'1 or'oscillating said arm in the opposite direction and. connecting the pressure in conduit 160 withv the forward face ,oi piston to retract the rod 161 and permit the expansion of spring whereupon the. roller is yieldably shifted up the. cam face 182 into engagement with the end of the Work.

What is .claimed is:

1. In a grinding machine tor grinding the tabination of a bed, a grinding naled thereon, a work supporting mechanism, of the work and spending to the angle of the surface being ground, means rictionally rotating the work, a steady rest member engaging the tapered surface for steadying same while it is being ground, means yieldingly urging the work and wheel relative to one another to maintain contact between the grinding wheel and work, means rendering the yielding means inoperative, and means 'for automatically ejecting the work from the work supporting `mechanism when the yielding means have been rendered inoperative.

2. In a grinding machine for grinding'the tapered valve seat on mushroom type valves, the combination of a bed, a grinding wheel rotatably mounted thereon, means supporting a work piece for rotation about an axis angularly related to the axis of a grinding wheel so as to dispose the aotive face of the grinding wheel parallel with the valve seat Vbeing ground, means engaging the valve seat as it is being ground to steady same during the grinding operation, said means engaging substantially the entire valve seat being cut away at the point proximate the grinding wheel.

3. In a grinding machine for grinding the tapered valve seat on mushroom type valves, the combination of a bed, a grinding wheelrotatably mounted thereon, means supporting a work piece for rotation about an axis angularly related Vto the as to dispose the acwith the valve seat being ground, valve seat as it is being ground to steady same during the grinding operation, said means engaging substantially the entire valve seat being cut away at the point proximate the grindingwheel, means yieldingly engaging one terminus of the work for urging it toward the grinding wheel, and means irictionally engaging the other tere mini of the work for effecting its rotation.

4. In a grinding machine of the class described, the combination of a bed, a grindingwheel rotatably mounted thereon, a plurality of work supporting and rotating mechanisms carried by the bed for supporting work pieces for contact with the grinding wheel at a plurality of points on the grinding wheel, said work supporting and rotating mechanism comprising a pivotally mounted housing, a spindle journaled in the housing, means associated with the spindles for frictionally engaging the work'to rotate it, means yieldingly the work relative to the supporting and driving means into engagement with vthe grinding wheel, and means for rendering said yieldingly urging means inoperative.

5. Ina grinding machine off the classdescribed,4 the combinationA oi'a bed,ia grinding wheellrotat; ably mounted thereon, a pluralityv of work. supporting and rotating'mechan'isms carried by the bedfor supporting work pieces for Contact with the grinding wheel at a plurality ot rindingwheel, said ing mechanism comprising a pivotally mounted housing, a spindle `journaled in the housing; means associated with the spindles for frictionally en points on the work supporting androtatgaging the work to -rotate it, means yieldinglyff axially urging' th'ework relative to the support-- ing andvdriving means into grinding wheel,Y means o'r ingly urging rendering said yield means inoperative, and means for effecting' a relative feed between tl e work supporting mechanisms and the grinding wheel.

5. Inra grindingl machine of the class described, the combination of a bed, a work rest blade mounted on the the work piece to be operated upon, a grinding wheel rotatably mounted on the bed on one side of the work rest blade having its axis disposed at an angle to the axis of the work rest blade so that an angular face is formed on the work on the blade, a regulating wheel rotatably mounted on the bed on the other side of the blade for engage--V ment with the work piece for effecting and controlling its rotation, rest member on the blade'adaptedto contact with the angular surface being formed on the work during the grinding operation, said Work rest member having an opening therein whereby the grinding wheel has access to the work, and lateral pressure means for holding the work on the blade in contact with the regulating wheel.

7. In a grinding machine of the class described, the combination of .a bed, a work rest blade mounted on the bed for peripherally supporting the vwork piece to be operated upon, a grinding wheel rotatably mounted on the bed on one side of the work rest blade having its axis disposed at an angle to the axis of the work rest blade so that an angular face is formed on the work on the blade, a regulating wheel rotatably mounted on thebed on the other side of the blade for engagement with the work piece for effecting and controlling its rotation, a work rest member on the blade adapted to contact with the angular surface being formed on the work during the grinding operation, said work rest member having an opening therein whereby the grinding wheel has access to the work, lateral pressure means for holding the work on the blade in contact with the regulating Wheel, and yielding terminal means for terminal engagement with the work to axially shift same relative tothe blade into contact with the grinding wheel.

8. In a grinding the combination of a bed, a work rest blade mounted on the bed for peripherally supporting the work piece to be koperated upon, a grinding wheel rotatably mounted on they bed on one side of the work rest blade having its axis disposed I to the axis oi the work rest blade so that an angular face is formed on the work on the blade, mounted on the bed on the other side of the blade for engagement with the work piece for effecting and controlling its rotation, a work rest member on the blade adapted to contact with the angular surface being formed on the work during the grinding operation, said work rest member having an opening therein whereby the grinding wheel has access to the work, lateral pressure means engagement with t .e

bed for peripherally supportingmachine ofthe class described, A

wheel rotatably being ground, but having' uti-away Iicbrfltl` GEORGE W. BINNS. 'CLEMENT BOOTH. 

